What Happens at a Motion for Summary Judgment Hearing?

By Talk About Debt Team
Reviewed by Ben Jackson
Last Updated: February 17, 2026
6 min read
The Bottom Line

A motion for summary judgment asks the court to decide a case without trial when no material facts are disputed. You typically have 21 days to respond with evidence showing disputed facts or legal disagreements. The burden of proof rests heavily on the party filing the motion, and even minor disputes can defeat it.

Answer Your Lawsuit

Summary judgments can change everything in a lawsuit. If the judge dismisses your case, you face frustration and fear. But if you file the motion, you avoid a full trial.

Understanding summary judgments helps you navigate the legal process. You need to know what happens at hearings and how to respond.

Respond to Summary Judgment Motions Before the Deadline

Debt collectors file summary judgment motions hoping you won't respond properly. Missing your response deadline means automatic judgment against you. Get help crafting a strong response today.

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What Is a Motion for Summary Judgment in Civil Cases?

Courts exist to resolve disputes between parties. But what if the facts are not disputed? One party can request the court dismiss the case without trial.

A motion is any written petition requesting court action. You can file motions to block evidence or change courtrooms. A motion for summary judgment asks the court to skip trial entirely.

When the court grants this motion, judgment gets entered immediately. The case does not proceed to trial. You win or lose without further proceedings.

Example: Jackson owes $1,000 on a credit card in North Carolina. The credit card company sues him after failed collection attempts. Jackson denies most claims in his Answer. The credit card company files a motion for summary judgment. They submit the signed contract, purchase statements, and payment records. The judge reviews everything and grants the motion. Jackson now owes $1,000 plus court costs and fees.

Creating a strong Answer helps you avoid summary judgment. Our partner Solo can help you respond effectively to debt lawsuits.

Hearing vs Trial: Key Differences

Hearings and trials serve different purposes in court. Each has distinct characteristics and outcomes.

How Hearings Work

A judge considers evidence and decides next steps. Both parties attend these shorter proceedings. Hearings are usually less formal than trials. Only judges preside over hearings, never juries. Some hearings can conclude cases entirely.

How Trials Work

Facts and evidence get examined thoroughly at trial. The court determines guilt or innocence. Trials take much longer than hearings. They follow formal procedures and protocols. Judges or juries can preside over trials. Trials almost always conclude cases with final judgments.

Trials happen when parties disagree on facts. Both sides must provide arguments and evidence. The court weighs everything before making decisions.

Court procedures vary by state and jurisdiction. Call your local courthouse if you need clarification. Clerks can point you toward helpful resources.

How to Request Summary Judgment

The movant must prove two critical items:

  • No material facts remain in dispute
  • The movant deserves judgment based on undisputed facts

Your motion requires two main components. The motion itself requests the court rule in your favor. The memorandum explains why the court should grant your request.

Filing Deadlines Matter

You must file by the date in your case scheduling order. The court signs this order listing all important deadlines. Check your civil procedure rules if the date is missing.

Missing deadlines can destroy your case. Mark every date on your calendar immediately.

How to Respond to Summary Judgment Motions

The non-moving party can always respond to the motion. You typically have 21 days to file your opposition. Response times vary by state.

Our partner Solo helps you respond to debt collectors and avoid summary judgment.

Your Response Must Include Two Parts

Write a motion requesting the court rule in your favor. Prepare a memorandum explaining why you should win. Your response must take one of two approaches.

You can show that disputed facts exist. Submit evidence proving the disagreement. Or accept the facts but dispute the legal interpretation.

Request More Time If Needed

You might need extra time to uncover facts. Request a court continuance for additional preparation. Courts do not guarantee continuances will be granted.

Required Opposition Documents

Different states have different requirements for opposition documents. California courts require specific documentation:

  • Memorandum in opposition to the motion
  • Separate statement opposing the motion
  • Evidence contradicting the movant’s claims
  • Request for judicial notice if applicable

Jackson’s case would likely end without trial. He presented no disputed facts to the court. But if Jackson proved the balance was incorrect, things would change. Evidence showing invalid debt would defeat the motion. Jackson could then file his own summary judgment motion. The judge would either dismiss the case or schedule trial.

What Happens During the Hearing?

The judge calls both parties to court after filing. Both the motion and response get reviewed. The judge presides over arguments from both sides.

Each party receives time to present their argument. The conversation happens directly in front of the judge. The judge asks clarifying questions at the end.

The judge grants or denies the motion afterward. Sometimes judges need extra time to decide. You might wait days, weeks, or even months.

No Oral Testimony at Summary Judgment Hearings

These hearings do not involve witnesses or oral testimony. Your lawyer might not require your attendance. If you represent yourself, you must be present.

What Happens After the Hearing?

Several outcomes are possible after summary judgment hearings. Each outcome leads to different next steps.

If the Judge Grants Summary Judgment

The case concludes with a final judgment entered. The non-moving party can accept or appeal the outcome. Appeals require filing within specific timeframes.

If the Motion Gets Denied

The court schedules a trial date immediately. Both parties must prepare for full trial proceedings. The case continues through the normal litigation process.

If Some Facts Remain Disputed

The judge identifies which facts need resolution. Those specific issues get deliberated at trial. The rest of the case may be decided.

Why Summary Judgments Exist

Summary judgments prevent unnecessary court backlogs. They help you avoid lengthy trials when facts are clear. Debt collectors often use them in collection lawsuits.

If a debt is not yours, supply the facts. The judge can dismiss the case immediately. You save time and avoid trial stress.

Winning Summary Judgment Is Difficult

The burden of proof rests on the movant. Courts scrutinize these motions carefully and thoroughly. The responding party only needs some evidence of dispute.

You do not need to prove your entire case. Just show reasonable grounds for disagreement. Even small disputes can defeat summary judgment motions.

Protect Your Rights in Debt Lawsuits

Debt collectors frequently file summary judgment motions. They hope you will not respond properly. Responding correctly protects you from automatic judgment.

You have powerful tools to fight back. Proper responses can force trials or dismiss cases. Understanding the process gives you control.

Never ignore a summary judgment motion. Missing the response deadline means automatic loss. Get help immediately if you receive one.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a motion for summary judgment?

A motion for summary judgment is a written request asking the court to dismiss part or all of a lawsuit without going to trial. The party filing the motion must prove that no material facts are disputed and they are entitled to judgment as a matter of law.

How do I respond to a motion for summary judgment?

You must file a written response within the deadline set by your state, typically around 21 days. Your response must include a motion, a memorandum, and evidence showing that disputed facts exist or that the movant's legal interpretation is incorrect.

What happens if a judge grants summary judgment against me?

If the judge grants summary judgment, the case concludes immediately with a final judgment entered against you. You can either accept the outcome or file an appeal within the specified timeframe set by your state's rules.

Can I represent myself at a summary judgment hearing?

Yes, you can represent yourself at a summary judgment hearing. If you do, you must be present at the hearing to present your arguments. However, if you have an attorney, they may handle the hearing without requiring your attendance.

How long does a summary judgment hearing take?

Summary judgment hearings are typically shorter than trials, often lasting less than an hour. Each party presents their arguments, and the judge may ask clarifying questions. The judge may rule immediately or take days, weeks, or months to decide.