What Happens When You Get Served Papers for Debt?

By Talk About Debt Team
Reviewed by Ben Jackson
Last Updated: February 16, 2026
7 min read
The Bottom Line

Getting served papers for debt means a creditor is suing you to collect payment. You must file an Answer within 14-30 days to avoid automatic loss. Respond quickly, assert your defenses, and negotiate a settlement to protect your wages and assets from garnishment.

Answer Your Lawsuit

Getting served papers for debt means a creditor is suing you. They believe you owe money and want the court to force payment. You have rights. You can fight back.

Roughly 1 in 20 Americans with debt in collections face a lawsuit. You’re not alone. The key is knowing how to respond quickly and protect yourself.

Respond to Your Debt Collection Lawsuit Today

Don't let the deadline pass and lose by default. Our partner Solo helps you create and file your Answer in minutes, protecting you from wage garnishment and asset seizure.

Draft Your Answer Now

Why Are You Being Served Papers?

A creditor or debt collector filed a lawsuit against you. They claim you owe money and they want payment. In most cases, they’ve tried contacting you directly first. The lawsuit is their last resort.

Never ignore debt collection calls or letters. When collectors contact you, verify the debt is actually yours. Request proof. If they can’t tie you to the debt, you have a stronger defense in court.

You can demand that collectors validate your debt. They must provide documentation proving you owe the money.

What Happens If You Lose?

Losing a debt collection case has serious consequences. The court issues a judgment against you. You’ll owe the full debt amount plus interest, court fees, and legal expenses.

A judgment lasts between 3 and 20 years, depending on your state. Many states let creditors renew judgments indefinitely.

With a judgment, creditors can:

  • Garnish your wages
  • Seize bank account funds
  • Place liens on property
  • Take other legal collection actions

You must respond to avoid these consequences. Our partner Solo helps you answer the lawsuit and protect yourself.

How to Respond When You’re Sued

Doing nothing is the worst mistake you can make. If you ignore the lawsuit, the court issues a default judgment. The creditor wins automatically.

You need a strategy. Whether you’re being sued for credit card debt, medical bills, or student loans, the response process is similar.

File Your Answer Immediately

You must file an Answer with the court. An Answer is a legal document that shows you’re fighting the lawsuit. Missing this deadline results in automatic loss.

You typically have 14 to 30 days to respond. The exact deadline appears on your Summons. Check the date immediately after getting served.

Your Answer should include:

  • Your case number and court information
  • Responses to each claim in the Complaint
  • Any affirmative defenses you have
  • Your signature and date

Our partner Solo walks you through creating an Answer. You answer simple questions. The platform generates your legal document.

Example: Beth received a Summons for unpaid medical bills. She had never been sued before. She used our partner’s platform to create an Answer in under 15 minutes. The service filed it with the court. This bought her time to negotiate a settlement.

Negotiate a Settlement

Can you settle after being sued? Absolutely. Many creditors prefer settlement over lengthy court battles.

After filing your Answer, you have bargaining power. The creditor knows you’re willing to fight. They may accept less than the full amount.

Settlement negotiation tips:

  • Start with an offer of 30-50% of the debt
  • Get everything in writing before paying
  • Request deletion from your credit report
  • Never give direct bank account access

You can negotiate directly with the creditor’s attorney. Or you can use settlement tools that handle communication for you. This protects you from pressure tactics.

Settling before judgment gives you control. You can often pay less and avoid wage garnishment. Once a judgment is entered, you lose negotiating power.

How Debt Lawsuits Affect Your Credit

Under the Fair Credit Reporting Act, the lawsuit itself doesn’t appear on your credit report. Only a judgment against you shows up.

However, the underlying debt can already be on your report. The creditor likely reported the delinquency before suing you.

If you settle, the creditor may report the account as “settled for less than owed.” This is better than a judgment but still impacts your score.

Most negative items disappear after seven years. Some judgments last longer in certain states. But you can start rebuilding immediately after resolution.

Common Defenses Against Debt Lawsuits

You may have valid defenses even if the debt is yours. Include these in your Answer to strengthen your position.

Statute of Limitations

Every state sets a time limit for debt collection lawsuits. If your debt is too old, creditors can’t sue you. The statute of limitations varies by state and debt type.

Most states set limits between 3 and 6 years. The clock starts from your last payment or account activity.

Lack of Proof

The creditor must prove you owe the debt. They need documentation showing:

  • You agreed to the original debt
  • The amount they claim is accurate
  • They have the right to collect

Many debt buyers lack proper documentation. If they can’t prove their case, you can win.

Identity Theft or Fraud

If someone else created the debt in your name, you’re not responsible. File a police report and dispute the debt immediately.

Improper Service

You must be properly served according to your state’s rules. If service was improper, the court may dismiss the case.

What to Do After Receiving Papers

Follow these steps immediately after getting served:

Day 1: Read Everything Carefully

Read the Summons and Complaint thoroughly. Note your response deadline. Check the debt amount and creditor name.

Day 2-3: Gather Documentation

Collect any records related to the debt. Find old statements, payment records, or correspondence. These documents help your defense.

Day 4-7: Prepare Your Answer

Draft your Answer addressing each claim. Include any defenses you have. Don’t admit to anything you’re unsure about.

Day 8-10: File and Serve

File your Answer with the court before the deadline. Send a copy to the creditor’s attorney. Keep proof of service.

After Filing: Negotiate Settlement

Contact the creditor’s attorney about settling. Start with a lower offer. Work toward an amount you can afford.

Mistakes to Avoid

Don’t make these common errors that hurt your case:

Ignoring the Lawsuit

Never ignore being served. Hoping it goes away guarantees you’ll lose. File your Answer on time.

Admitting Everything

Don’t admit to claims you’re uncertain about. Make the creditor prove their case. Deny allegations you dispute.

Missing Deadlines

Court deadlines are strict. Missing your Answer deadline results in default judgment. Set reminders for all court dates.

Failing to Show Up

If your case goes to court, attend the hearing. Your absence means automatic loss.

Paying Without Agreement

Never make payments without a written settlement agreement. Get terms in writing first. Protect yourself legally.

Your Rights Under Federal Law

Federal laws protect you from abusive debt collection practices. Know your rights.

Fair Debt Collection Practices Act

The FDCPA limits what debt collectors can do. They cannot:

  • Call before 8 AM or after 9 PM
  • Contact you at work if prohibited
  • Harass or threaten you
  • Lie about the debt or their identity
  • Discuss your debt with others

If collectors violate the FDCPA, you can sue them. You may recover damages and attorney fees.

Fair Credit Reporting Act

The FCRA governs what appears on your credit report. Creditors must report information accurately. You can dispute errors.

Start Fresh After Resolving Your Debt

Getting served papers feels overwhelming. But you can resolve the situation and move forward.

Respond quickly to the lawsuit. File your Answer before the deadline. Negotiate a settlement you can afford. Protect your wages and assets from garnishment.

Many people successfully fight debt collection lawsuits. You have more power than you think. Take action today and protect your financial future.

Frequently Asked Questions

What happens if I ignore papers for a debt lawsuit?

If you ignore the lawsuit, the court issues a default judgment against you. The creditor wins automatically and can garnish your wages, seize bank funds, or place liens on property. You must file an Answer before the deadline to protect yourself.

How do I respond to debt collection papers?

You must file an Answer with the court before the deadline on your Summons, typically 14-30 days. Your Answer should respond to each claim in the Complaint and include any defenses. Send a copy to the creditor's attorney and keep proof of filing.

Can I settle debt after being served lawsuit papers?

Yes, you can negotiate a settlement even after being sued. Many creditors prefer settling over going to court. After filing your Answer, contact the creditor's attorney to discuss settlement terms. Get everything in writing before paying.

What is the statute of limitations on debt collection lawsuits?

The statute of limitations varies by state and debt type, typically ranging from 3 to 6 years. If your debt is older than the limit, creditors cannot legally sue you. The time starts from your last payment or account activity.

How does a debt lawsuit affect my credit score?

The lawsuit itself doesn't appear on your credit report under the Fair Credit Reporting Act. However, the underlying debt and any judgment against you will show up. Most negative items disappear after seven years, though some judgments last longer in certain states.