New York Case Search: Find Your Debt Lawsuit Records Fast

By Talk About Debt Team
Reviewed by Ben Jackson
Last Updated: February 17, 2026
6 min read
The Bottom Line

New York makes it easy to search court records for debt lawsuits online or in person. You need your case number to track your case and stay prepared. Responding with a proper Answer before the deadline protects you from default judgment and wage garnishment.

Respond to Lawsuit

Being sued by a debt collector in New York creates financial stress. You also lose precious time planning your defense strategy.

You must respond to the lawsuit with a written Answer. You also need to pay filing fees and prepare for court. New York makes it easy to follow up on your case. You can access court records online or visit the courthouse in person.

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Don't miss your deadline to respond. Solo walks you through every question to complete your Answer. An attorney reviews your document before we file it in your New York court.

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Collection agencies hope you won’t stay informed about your case. They want the upper hand during the hearing. Checking your court records keeps you fully prepared for your day in court.

Here’s how to access your court records and monitor your case status.

Understanding New York’s Court Structure

Knowing which court handles your case makes responding easier. Debt collection lawsuits are civil cases. New York’s civil court structure has multiple levels of courts.

Courts serve different areas inside and outside New York City. Three main categories exist, each with several courts.

Highest Appellate Courts

  • Court of Appeals: The court of last resort in New York. Hears civil appeals from intermediate appellate courts. Makes rules for the judicial system and bar admission.
  • Appellate Division of the Supreme Court: Presides over civil appeals from Supreme Court and County Court.

Courts of Original Jurisdiction

  • Trial Courts (In and Outside NYC): Includes Supreme Court, Family Court, Surrogate Court, and Court of Claims. Court of Claims hears monetary damages involving state organizations.
  • Trial Courts (NYC Only): The Civil Court of NYC handles small claims up to $5,000 and damages up to $25,000.
  • Trial Courts (Outside NYC): District, City, Town, Village Justice, and County Courts. City Courts hear small claims up to $5,000. Town and Village Courts handle claims up to $3,000.

Your debt collection case will likely be heard in your county’s City or Town and Village Court. The court depends on the amount in question. If you’re in New York City, search the Civil Court for your records.

When sued for debt in New York, you must respond with a written Answer. Our partner Solo helps you draft and file your Answer correctly. You typically have 20 to 30 days to respond after being served.

Finding Your Case Number in New York

Your case number uniquely identifies your court records. In New York, it’s also called the index number. The number contains letters, numbers, and characters.

You need this number to access your records and track your case. Here’s how to find it.

In-Person Method

Visit the courthouse where your lawsuit was filed. Fill out a request form provided by the clerk. Ensure all information is accurate for proper case identification.

Use the New York court directory to find your courthouse location. Search by county and court type.

Online Method

Go to New York’s WebCivil eCourt Search Portal. Use the party, attorney, or judge search option. Enter available information to locate your case number.

How to Access Your New York Court Records

Court records contain crucial information about your case. You’ll find the hearing date, courtroom number, and judge’s name. Records also show documents filed by the debt collector and your Answer.

You can access these records in person or online. Both methods have advantages depending on your situation.

Accessing Records In-Person

Visiting the courthouse works if you live nearby. You can also get face-to-face assistance from court staff. The clerk provides a form to fill out.

They’ll search for your records using that information. You may pay a small fee for services and copies. Some courthouses have public terminals for self-service searches.

Use the New York court locator to find your courthouse. Select your county and court type. Click “find the court” to see contact information.

Example: Scott owed Empire Collections $4,765. He defaulted for one year after losing his job. Empire Collections sued him instead of accepting his explanation. Scott used the court locator to find his courthouse. He visited in person to confirm the lawsuit was legitimate. After using our partner Solo to draft his Answer, Scott waited one week. He then checked if the court updated its records. The clerk advised him to follow up remotely instead of making repeated visits.

Accessing Records Online

Online access is the easiest and least stressful option. The New York WebCivil eCourt Search Portal gives you four search options. You’ll need some or all of this information:

  • Index or case number
  • Party names
  • Attorney or firm name
  • Judge name

Enter the required information and click search. If you don’t have the index number, provide more details. Additional information refines your search results.

Court of Appeals cases use a different online portal. Use the CourtPass system for those cases.

What Information Court Records Reveal

Court records show the complete timeline of your case. You’ll see when documents were filed and by whom. Records include the Summons and Complaint from the debt collector.

Your Answer and any motions appear in the records. You can track court dates and deadlines. Records also show if the collector filed for default judgment.

Check your records regularly after filing your Answer. Courts update records as new documents arrive. Regular monitoring helps you stay informed and prepared.

Responding to Your New York Debt Lawsuit

Finding your case records is just the first step. You must respond to the lawsuit with a proper Answer. Your Answer addresses each claim in the Complaint.

Our partner Solo walks you through every question needed for your Answer. An attorney reviews your document before filing. The service handles filing in your local court.

Responding by the deadline prevents default judgment. A default judgment allows the collector to garnish wages or freeze accounts. You lose your right to defend yourself in court.

Settling Your Debt Before Court

You don’t have to go to trial to resolve your lawsuit. Many debt collectors prefer settling outside of court. Settlements save them time and legal expenses.

You can negotiate a reduced amount or payment plan. Get any settlement agreement in writing before paying. Make sure the agreement includes dismissal of the lawsuit.

Document everything in your case file. Keep copies of all court documents and correspondence. Save proof of service for your Answer.

Next Steps After Finding Your Case

Once you locate your court records, take immediate action. Review the Complaint carefully to understand the claims. Note your deadline to respond, typically 20 to 30 days.

Gather documents related to the debt if you have them. These might include account statements or payment records. Documents help you build your defense strategy.

Prepare your Answer using a step-by-step approach. Address each numbered paragraph in the Complaint. Admit, deny, or state lack of knowledge for each claim.

Include affirmative defenses if applicable to your situation. Common defenses include statute of limitations and lack of standing. File your Answer before the deadline to protect your rights.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I find my case number in New York?

Visit your courthouse and fill out a request form from the clerk, or search online using New York's WebCivil eCourt Search Portal. You can search by party name, attorney name, or judge if you don't have the case number yet.

What is the deadline to respond to a debt lawsuit in New York?

You typically have 20 to 30 days after being served to file a written Answer. The exact deadline depends on how you were served. Missing this deadline can result in a default judgment against you.

Can I access New York court records online for free?

Yes, you can search New York court records online for free using the WebCivil eCourt Search Portal. You'll need information like your case number, party names, or attorney details to find your case.

What court handles debt collection cases in New York?

Cases under $5,000 go to City Courts or Town and Village Courts outside NYC. In New York City, the Civil Court handles small claims up to $5,000 and damages up to $25,000. The specific court depends on the debt amount and your location.

What happens if I don't respond to a debt lawsuit in New York?

If you don't file an Answer by the deadline, the court can issue a default judgment against you. This allows the debt collector to garnish your wages, freeze bank accounts, or place liens on your property without your defense being heard.